6–10 Jul 2026
University of the Western Cape
Africa/Johannesburg timezone
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Studying the Dependence of Particle Ratios of Hadronic Matter on Energy in Pb+Pb High Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions Using the Microscopic Model (UrQMD-3.4).

7 Jul 2026, 12:00
20m
Lecture Hall DL2 (University of the Western Cape)

Lecture Hall DL2

University of the Western Cape

Oral Presentation Track G - Theoretical and Computational Physics Theoretical and Computational Physics

Speaker

Tendani Oliver Munyai (Nelson Mandela University)

Description

We examined the particle ratios of multiple meson and baryon species at central rapidity and an impact parameter of b = 5 in Pb+Pb high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The collisions were simulated using the most recent version of the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (UrQMD-3.4), which, unlike its predecessors, incorporates charmed particles such as D, J/ψ, Xc, and others. These charmed particles are critical in understanding particle production and the chemical freeze-out of hadronic gas. The simulations were conducted over a range of incident kinetic beam energies (lab frame) from Elab = 100 to 1000 AGeV, with parameters set to t = 400 fm/c and 200 events. Particle ratios are key for differentiating between hadronic cascade and hydrodynamical models, including a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) phase transition. This study offers valuable insights into particle production dynamics across varying collision energies, shedding light on the processes leading to chemical freeze-out and thermal equilibrium. The findings advance our understanding of the phase transition in hadronic gas within high-energy heavy-ion collision systems. The results highlight the evolution of particle ratios at central rapidity and above the saturation time as collision energy increases, providing a deeper understanding of the underlying physics in such extreme conditions.

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Authors

Prof. Azwinndini Muronga (Nelson Mandela University) Tendani Oliver Munyai (Nelson Mandela University) Thendo Emmanuel Nemakhavhani (UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG)

Presentation materials