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Nickel substituted magnesium ferrite nanoparticles (NixMg1−xFe2O4; x = 0, 0.5, 1) were synthesised via the glycol thermal method and coated with chitosan through 50 h ball milling. Structural, morphological, and magnetic properties were characterised using XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, UV Vis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and VSM. XRD confirmed single-phase spinel structures, with crystallite sizes increasing from 7.20–23.1 nm (uncoated) and 6.70–19.7 nm (coated) as Ni content rose. Lattice parameters ranged from 8.327–8.380 Å (uncoated) and 8.314–8.415 Å (coated). FTIR supported spinel formation, TEM showed semi-spherical clustered particles, SEM revealed smoother surfaces after coating, and EDX confirmed elemental composition.
The early growth response of spinach seedlings was assessed using magnesium ferrite, nickel ferrite, and a mixed 0.5(Ni–Mg) ferrite, applied at 0.5 g per 2.5 g of fertiliser. Magnesium ferrite enhanced growth (6–9 cm height, 35–45 SPAD, LAI 0.28–0.45), nickel ferrite inhibited it (3–5 cm, 18–28 SPAD, LAI 0.10–0.20), and the mixed ferrite produced intermediate effects. Overall, Mg ferrite improved early plant growth, Ni ferrite suppressed it, and mixed ferrite provided partial recovery.
| Apply for student award at which level: | PhD |
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